Despite costing hundreds of pounds more than their standard counterparts, smart appliances could be rendered obsolete after as little as two years as manufacturers stop providing vital software updates, according to a Which? investigation.

The consumer organisation calculated that, on average, customers pay £855 more for a smart fridge-freezer than a standard one, £259 more for a smart dishwasher and £190 more for a smart tumble dryer.

Which? research found that dishwashers and washing machines typically last for 10 years before they’re replaced due to faults or poor performance, while fridge-freezers and tumble dryers typically last for 11 years.

When Which? asked its members how long they thought a smart appliance might last, 69 per cent per cent said they would expect it to last the same length of time as a non-smart equivalent.

But many manufacturers are failing to give clarity about the length of time their products would be supported with important security updates – without which they would potentially be rendered a security risk.

Smart appliances come with a range of features that allow users to control them remotely using a phone, save money by improving efficiency, or send alerts to engineers when a fault is connected.

However, without regular security and software updates, they could lose smart functionality and leave all the data on the owner’s home network open to hackers – raising the prospect of expensive machines, that still work, being replaced before their time.

When Which? asked major manufacturers about how long their products would receive vital software updates, it found most were not being transparent, and one suggested that it could even stop providing security support after only a couple of years.

The majority of manufacturers claimed they would offer updates for what they termed ‘the life of the product’ – but refused to say how long they would expect that to be.

Hoover/Candy claimed an appliance’s lifetime depended on factors like regularity of use and whether the appliance is loaded or maintained correctly, and BSH (which makes Bosch, Neff and Siemens appliances) said that it was difficult to provide a specific length of time for updates across its smart products - but reiterated that it would provide updates for the lifetime of the product.

Whirlpool stated that it does not have a timeframe for updates, LG said that if issues are detected, updates can be rolled out to consumers - but it did not confirm any timeframes for the duration of support - and Beko stated "a maximum of 10 years".

Only Miele was definitive, stating from the outset that it would support its smart appliances with 10 years of security updates.

Currently, none of the manufacturers Which? spoke to have published a length of update policy in their terms of use. Most should work without an internet connection, but it might not always be the case.

Losing the smart features could mean that customers have rights under the Consumer Rights Act 2015 which requires products to be “of satisfactory quality”, “fit for purpose” and “as described”.

Under these circumstances, Which?’s member survey showed that 61 per cent who do not already own a smart appliance said they would not consider buying one.

A new EU directive could make it clearer where owners of smart appliances stand. If adopted in the UK, the directive would mean consumers have more protections with digital elements of appliances, including an obligation to guarantee the smart functioning of a product.

The UK government has also set out plans for legislation requiring smart appliances to meet certain security standards. These proposals would oblige manufacturers to state the minimum length of time the device will receive security updates.

Natalie Hitchins, head of home products and services at Which?, said: “Until manufacturers are clear and upfront about how long they will support these products for, consumers could be better off avoiding smart appliances that might turn ‘dumb’ after only a few years and stick to more reliable and significantly cheaper non-smart alternatives.”

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